Development and biomedical applications of solid phase micro-extraction (bio-SPME) chemical biopsy devices
Abstract
Micro-sampling is a vital component in modern diagnostics and
personalized medicine. In vivo SPME is a novel branch of biomedical
applications of SPME (Bio-SPME) that offers unique advantages complementary
to existing in vivo micro-sampling techniques such as micro tissue biopsy and
microdialysis. When coupled with powerful modern detection methods, such as
mass spectrometry, the minimally invasiveness and convenient sample-cleanup
of in vivo chemical biopsy SPME enable the rapid analysis of exogenous and
endogenous analytes from a biological system in vivo. In vivo SPME has seen
success in numerous clinical applications from therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)
to untargeted metabolomic/lipidomic fingerprinting. While the scope of theoretical
considerations extends deep into the realm of complex physical chemistry, bio-
SPME and in vivo SPME can still be executed by medical personnel with limited
theoretical knowledge as long as a few key experimental parameters are
controlled, such as extraction time. Chapter 2 details the fabrication of a novel
recessed SPME chemical biopsy probe and a push-pull microsyringe sampling
device. Compared to conventional in vivo sampling tools, the latest devices offer
superior physical robustness with a convenient chemical sorbent that does not
require solvent activation. Such devices have been successfully implemented in
human in vivo studies which are also included in this chapter. Chapter 3
presents a proof-of-concept study showing the importance of non-destructive
sampling (ie. in vivo SPME) in untargeted metabolomics using ovine lung tissue
as a model coupled with a commercial metabolomics kit. Chapter 4 is another
proof-of-concept study which explores the applicability of bio-SPME in
proteomics which was thought to be impossible. Various sample preparation and
device fabrication strategies such as protein digestion and porous coating were
employed to achieve protein identification in clinical SARS-CoV-2 patient saliva
samples. Chapter 5 of the thesis addresses some of the flaws with previous in
vivo applications of SPME, provides strategies to overcome them, and
showcases numerous clinical in vivo applications with the improved calibration
strategies. In short, this thesis work offers a comprehensive strategy for various
in vivo and ex vivo bio-SPME applications.
Cite this version of the work
Runshan (Will) Jiang
(2024).
Development and biomedical applications of solid phase micro-extraction (bio-SPME) chemical biopsy devices. UWSpace.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/20354
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